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1730-1825(Picture coming soon.) |
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| High-style houses and public buildings such as churches and taverns
that were constructed by wealthy Anglo Americans drew their style
influence from the British Georgian period (called Georgian after the
three kings George I, II and III of England). That style had been
influenced earlier by the Italian Renaissance and ancient Greece and Rome.
Those buildings were usually square with a central, columned door and
lines of usually five windows.
American buildings were less ornate. Symmetrical, they had a central hall with a stairway, and all central rooms led from this hall. The later colonial houses typically had a distinct living, dining, and family room, with bedrooms on the second floor. The chimneys were immense. The South grew rich faster than the North, with the high price of a large gap between the wealthy landowners and poor slaves. Plantation houses and slave quarters were built, and English colonists patterned their house after both the manor house and lowly cottages. Rooms were square, but there was a distinctive columned front door. |
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| When the colonists figured out that wooden chimneys and thatched roofs tended to catch fire, they had to rethink home design. Then they heard about the Great Fire of London. Only eight brick and four stone houses are known to have been built in New England before 1700. | |||
| Brick had just started to come into use in England when they left, but they couldn't find the lime needed to make either bricks or plaster walls. Few builders had made their way across the ocean. | |||
| Georgian houses are geometrical even in the layout of interior rooms, and frequently have wings. | |||
| In the North, buildings were commonly wood with clapboard or shingle cladding. In the South, Georgian houses were usually brick, but occasionally built of stone and stucco. | |||
| Georgians used a hip roof, sometimes with dormers. At times they used balustrades embellished with decorative moldings and trim. | |||
| Often made from wood, the double-hung sash windows had small panes, usually 12 over 12 or 9 over 9 panes. There were often decorative pediments over the windows, or in brick homes, decorative brick headers above the windows. | |||
| Entry doors were decorated with pediments, broken pediments, arch tops and ogee caps. Northern houses often had wooden pilasters, while Southern doorways were enhanced with brick patterns. | |||
Time Lineto 1725 Colonial 1600s Dutch Colonial 1730-1825 Georgian 1790-1830 Federal, Adam, Adamesque, 1790-1830 Classical Revival, Jeffersonian Classicism, Roman Classicism |
1850-1885 Italianate 1860-1890 Second Empire 1860-1890 Stick 1870-1890 Eastlake 1870-1900 Richardsonian Romanesque 1870-1920 Colonial Revival |
1900-1920 Neoclassicism (Classical Revival) 1900-1920 Prairie (Arts & Crafts) 1900-1940 Neoclassicism/Classical Revival (American) 1900-1940 Georgian Revival |
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| 1820-1860 Greek Revival 1830-1860 Gothic Revival 1830-1900 Victorian 1840-1890 Renaissance Revival 1840-1900 Romanesque Revival 1850-1870 Octagon |
1876-1930 Beaux Arts 1880-1900 Shingle 1880-1910 Queen Anne End of 19th Century-Early 20th Art Nouveau 1890-1920 Sullivanesque 1880-1940 Bungalow (type of Arts & Crafts) |
1905-1930 Arts & Crafts Early 20th Century Tudor Revival 1925-present International 1925-1940 Art Deco 1930-1945 Art Moderne
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